中國環境報記者張秋蕾 11月13日北京報道 環(huan)境保護部部長、中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)環(huan)境與發展(zhan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)合作委員(yuan)會(hui)（以(yi)下簡稱“國(guo)(guo)(guo)合會(hui)”）執行副主席(xi)周生賢今日在國(guo)(guo)(guo)合會(hui)2013年年會(hui)上發表特別(bie)演講時指出(chu)，要緊緊圍繞建設美麗(li)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的目標，全力落(luo)實(shi)《大氣污染防(fang)治行動計(ji)劃》（以(yi)下簡稱《大氣十條》），讓人民群(qun)眾享有(you)更多的藍(lan)天(tian)白云。
周生賢(xian)說，國內外廣(guang)泛關注(zhu)的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)國共(gong)產(chan)黨十八(ba)屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)(quan)會(hui)已勝(sheng)利閉幕，全(quan)(quan)會(hui)審(shen)議通過了《中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央關于全(quan)(quan)面深化(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)若干重大問題(ti)的(de)(de)決定》，在(zai)對(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)國改(gai)革(ge)(ge)進(jin)(jin)程作出(chu)總體部署的(de)(de)同(tong)時，對(dui)推進(jin)(jin)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設做出(chu)了全(quan)(quan)面安(an)排，明(ming)確將緊緊圍繞建(jian)(jian)(jian)設美麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國深化(hua)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，加快建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，健全(quan)(quan)國土空間開發、資(zi)源節約(yue)、生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護的(de)(de)體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，并(bing)要(yao)求改(gai)革(ge)(ge)生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護管理(li)體制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)統(tong)一(yi)監管所有(you)污染物(wu)排放等一(yi)系列環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)管理(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度。認真學(xue)習貫徹中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)十八(ba)屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)(quan)會(hui)精神，全(quan)(quan)面深化(hua)改(gai)革(ge)(ge)開放，是我(wo)們在(zai)發展中(zhong)(zhong)國特色社會(hui)主(zhu)義進(jin)(jin)程中(zhong)(zhong)進(jin)(jin)行的(de)(de)一(yi)場(chang)具有(you)新(xin)的(de)(de)歷史特點的(de)(de)偉大革(ge)(ge)命(ming)。深入學(xue)習貫徹落(luo)實(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)十八(ba)屆三中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)(quan)會(hui)精神，對(dui)于推進(jin)(jin)生態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設、加強生態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)保護工作，實(shi)(shi)現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設美麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)目標(biao)，具有(you)十分重要(yao)的(de)(de)現(xian)實(shi)(shi)意(yi)義。
周生賢指出(chu)，今年以來，在中國政(zheng)府一系列重大決策部署的(de)(de)指導(dao)下(xia)，通過各方(fang)(fang)面共同(tong)努(nu)力，環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)取得積極進(jin)展(zhan)。一是(shi)(shi)扎實推進(jin)主要污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)減(jian)排，今年上半年，化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學需氧(yang)量、氨氮(dan)、二氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)硫、氮(dan)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)物(wu)排放量同(tong)比(bi)(bi)分(fen)別下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)2.37%、2.15%、2.48%、3.02%。二是(shi)(shi)發揮環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)經濟發展(zhan)作用，發布《電(dian)子(zi)玻(bo)璃工業大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)排放標準(zhun)》等新的(de)(de)國家環(huan)保(bao)標準(zhun)88項，對重點(dian)(dian)控制區(qu)的(de)(de)火電(dian)、鋼鐵(tie)、石化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)等六大行(xing)業以及燃煤鍋爐項目執行(xing)大氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)物(wu)特別排放限(xian)值(zhi)。三(san)是(shi)(shi)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)重點(dian)(dian)流域領域污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治，加大《全國城(cheng)市飲用水水源地(di)環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)（2008~2020年）》實施(shi)力度，發布《華北平原(yuan)地(di)下(xia)水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治工作方(fang)(fang)案(an)》，全力抓好《重點(dian)(dian)流域水污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)防(fang)(fang)治規劃(hua)(hua)(hua)（2011~2015年）》的(de)(de)落實。今年1~9月，我國地(di)表水國控斷(duan)面好于Ⅲ類水質(zhi)斷(duan)面比(bi)(bi)例同(tong)比(bi)(bi)提高2.6個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)，劣Ⅴ類水質(zhi)斷(duan)面比(bi)(bi)例同(tong)比(bi)(bi)降(jiang)(jiang)低0.9個百(bai)分(fen)點(dian)(dian)。四(si)是(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生態保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)和農(nong)村環(huan)境保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)，實施(shi)生物(wu)多樣(yang)性保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)戰略與行(xing)動計(ji)劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，新建國家級自然(ran)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)區(qu)21處(chu)。開展(zhan)農(nong)村環(huan)境連片整治示范工作督查，推進(jin)“以獎促治”工作的(de)(de)健康發展(zhan)。
周生(sheng)賢說，中(zhong)國政府確定(ding)(ding)了今后(hou)5年3項重(zhong)點環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作：一是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)細(xi)顆粒(li)物(wu)（PM2.5）防(fang)控為(wei)重(zhong)點，深化大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)飲用水(shui)安全(quan)為(wei)重(zhong)點，強(qiang)化重(zhong)點流域(yu)和(he)(he)地(di)(di)下水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)土(tu)壤治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)為(wei)重(zhong)點，深入推(tui)進(jin)農村環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)連片整治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。當前(qian)的(de)(de)重(zhong)中(zhong)之(zhi)重(zhong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)PM2.5防(fang)控為(wei)重(zhong)點，打贏大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主動(dong)(dong)仗。為(wei)此，中(zhong)國政府于今年9月正式(shi)發(fa)布了《大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)十條(tiao)(tiao)》，提出了10條(tiao)(tiao)35項措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。這是(shi)(shi)(shi)我(wo)國推(tui)進(jin)大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)綱領性文(wen)件，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)探索環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)新路的(de)(de)重(zhong)大(da)(da)舉(ju)措(cuo)(cuo)。出臺《大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)十條(tiao)(tiao)》的(de)(de)總(zong)體(ti)考慮：一是(shi)(shi)(shi)堅(jian)持環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)保(bao)(bao)為(wei)民(min)，解決人(ren)民(min)群眾反映強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)霧(wu)霾污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)問題；二是(shi)(shi)(shi)立(li)足國家宏觀(guan)戰略(lve)層(ceng)面，搞好(hao)大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頂層(ceng)設(she)計(ji)；三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)把握“穩(wen)、準、狠”的(de)(de)基本原(yuan)則，實(shi)現經(jing)濟社會環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)共(gong)贏；四是(shi)(shi)(shi)從再生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)全(quan)過程入手，完(wan)善一攬子環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)經(jing)濟與(yu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)政策；五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)點突破，突出抓好(hao)京津冀(ji)、長三(san)角(jiao)和(he)(he)珠(zhu)三(san)角(jiao)等區域(yu)的(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)。具體(ti)有(you)6個方(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)重(zhong)要舉(ju)措(cuo)(cuo)，一是(shi)(shi)(shi)推(tui)進(jin)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)結構優化升級(ji)，壓縮過剩產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)。嚴(yan)格(ge)控制(zhi)(zhi)高(gao)耗(hao)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、高(gao)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)行(xing)業(ye)新增產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，實(shi)行(xing)鋼鐵等行(xing)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)總(zong)量控制(zhi)(zhi)，提前(qian)一年完(wan)成21個重(zhong)點行(xing)業(ye)“十二五(wu)”淘(tao)汰(tai)任務。認(ren)真清(qing)理(li)(li)(li)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)嚴(yan)重(zhong)過剩行(xing)業(ye)違(wei)規在(zai)建項目(mu)，尚未開工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)，一律(lv)不(bu)準開工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設(she)；正在(zai)建設(she)的(de)(de)，一律(lv)停止(zhi)建設(she)。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)快調(diao)整能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)結構，控制(zhi)(zhi)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭消費(fei)總(zong)量。增加(jia)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)、煤(mei)(mei)(mei)制(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)、煤(mei)(mei)(mei)層(ceng)氣(qi)(qi)供應(ying)(ying)，發(fa)展核(he)電、水(shui)電、風能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)生(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，提高(gao)清(qing)潔能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)比重(zhong)。強(qiang)化煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭消費(fei)總(zong)量控制(zhi)(zhi)，優化天(tian)然氣(qi)(qi)使用方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)，逐(zhu)步(bu)淘(tao)汰(tai)分散(san)燃(ran)(ran)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)鍋(guo)爐(lu)，推(tui)進(jin)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭高(gao)效清(qing)潔利用。三(san)是(shi)(shi)(shi)嚴(yan)格(ge)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)車污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)，提升燃(ran)(ran)油品質(zhi)。科(ke)學調(diao)控城市(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)車保(bao)(bao)有(you)量，加(jia)快車用燃(ran)(ran)油低(di)硫(liu)化步(bu)伐(fa)，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)優先發(fa)展公共(gong)交通戰略(lve)。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)強(qiang)化綜(zong)合(he)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)，實(shi)施(shi)(shi)多污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)協(xie)同控制(zhi)(zhi)。采(cai)取(qu)燃(ran)(ran)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)電廠(chang)脫硫(liu)脫硝除塵、工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)鍋(guo)爐(lu)窯爐(lu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、揮(hui)發(fa)性有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)物(wu)綜(zong)合(he)整治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、揚塵環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)、餐飲油煙污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)、北方(fang)(fang)(fang)采(cai)暖季節污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)控制(zhi)(zhi)等綜(zong)合(he)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。五(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建立(li)監測預警應(ying)(ying)急體(ti)系(xi)，妥善應(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)。建立(li)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)監測預警體(ti)系(xi)，制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)(ding)和(he)(he)完(wan)善應(ying)(ying)急預案。在(zai)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)(qi)，采(cai)取(qu)對(dui)(dui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)企(qi)業(ye)限(xian)產(chan)(chan)限(xian)排停產(chan)(chan)、停止(zhi)建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)地(di)(di)土(tu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)作業(ye)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)車限(xian)行(xing)等應(ying)(ying)對(dui)(dui)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。六是(shi)(shi)(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)組織領導，切實(shi)落(luo)實(shi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)。運用價格(ge)稅(shui)收杠(gang)桿，加(jia)大(da)(da)財政資金(jin)投入，激(ji)勵和(he)(he)引導社會資金(jin)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)(li)大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)。修改《環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)法(fa)(fa)》和(he)(he)《大(da)(da)氣(qi)(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)》，嚴(yan)厲打擊環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)違(wei)法(fa)(fa)行(xing)為(wei)。建立(li)區域(yu)協(xie)調(diao)機(ji)(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)，落(luo)實(shi)地(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)政府責任。
周(zhou)生賢指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)，冬季來臨，北方地(di)區(qu)陸續(xu)進入(ru)采(cai)暖(nuan)期(qi)，我們將(jiang)全(quan)力(li)做(zuo)好(hao)今冬明春(chun)大(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，重(zhong)點(dian)開展以下工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)：一(yi)要(yao)加強(qiang)區(qu)域污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)聯(lian)防(fang)(fang)聯(lian)控(kong)。加快(kuai)完善(shan)京(jing)津冀(ji)、長三角和(he)珠(zhu)三角區(qu)域聯(lian)防(fang)(fang)聯(lian)控(kong)機(ji)制，著力(li)建(jian)立健全(quan)信(xin)息共享(xiang)、環(huan)評(ping)會(hui)商、聯(lian)合執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)、應急(ji)處理(li)(li)等合作(zuo)(zuo)機(ji)制，統籌協調(diao)政(zheng)策(ce)落實，強(qiang)化跟蹤檢(jian)查，推動(dong)大(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)各項(xiang)措施見到成效。二要(yao)做(zuo)好(hao)監(jian)測(ce)預(yu)警(jing)(jing)和(he)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)應急(ji)。加強(qiang)空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)監(jian)測(ce)，著力(li)構建(jian)由城市(shi)站、背景(jing)站、區(qu)域站統一(yi)布局的國(guo)家(jia)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)監(jian)測(ce)網(wang)絡。強(qiang)化與氣(qi)象部門的會(hui)商研(yan)判，加快(kuai)建(jian)設京(jing)津冀(ji)及(ji)周(zhou)邊(bian)地(di)區(qu)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)預(yu)警(jing)(jing)系統，及(ji)時(shi)發布空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)監(jian)測(ce)預(yu)警(jing)(jing)信(xin)息。指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)和(he)督促地(di)方政(zheng)府(fu)制定并完善(shan)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)應急(ji)預(yu)案，強(qiang)化對(dui)全(quan)國(guo)尤其是京(jing)津冀(ji)及(ji)周(zhou)邊(bian)地(di)區(qu)重(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)天(tian)氣(qi)應急(ji)處置工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)。三要(yao)加大(da)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)監(jian)管力(li)度。對(dui)重(zhong)點(dian)地(di)區(qu)進行(xing)大(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)專項(xiang)執(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)檢(jian)查和(he)督查，對(dui)發現的突出(chu)問題(ti)，督促地(di)方政(zheng)府(fu)嚴肅(su)處理(li)(li)。四要(yao)完善(shan)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)政(zheng)策(ce)法(fa)(fa)規。抓緊(jin)研(yan)究修改《大(da)氣(qi)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)》，開展排污(wu)(wu)(wu)許可證(zheng)管理(li)(li)條例(li)和(he)機(ji)動(dong)車(che)污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)防(fang)(fang)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)條例(li)的前期(qi)研(yan)究論證(zheng)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。加快(kuai)出(chu)臺《大(da)氣(qi)十條》相關(guan)配套政(zheng)策(ce)。五要(yao)強(qiang)化科技支撐。抓緊(jin)實施《清潔(jie)空(kong)氣(qi)研(yan)究計劃(hua)》，重(zhong)點(dian)解(jie)決污(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)物動(dong)態排放(fang)清單(dan)、預(yu)警(jing)(jing)應急(ji)、達(da)標策(ce)略等關(guan)鍵技術問題(ti)，加速重(zhong)點(dian)區(qu)域、重(zhong)點(dian)城市(shi)空(kong)氣(qi)質量(liang)達(da)標和(he)持續(xu)改善(shan)，努力(li)維(wei)護公(gong)眾健康和(he)生態安全(quan)。
來源：中國環境報